From Marissa Corsi, MichiganDaily.com, February 7, 2024
Animal rights organization Stop Animal Exploitation Now sent a letter to
University President Santa Ono and the Board of Regents on Jan. 23, urging
the University of Michigan administration to fire the laboratory members
associated with two animal use violations last year.
The letter contains copies of two improper animal use infractions in U-M
laboratories reported by the University’s Institutional Animal Care & Use
Committee to the National Institutes of Health’s Office of Laboratory Animal
Welfare. OLAW requires research institutions like the University to form an
IACUC, a board responsible for the supervision and approval of animal use
protocols in laboratories.
On Jul. 11, 2023, Rebecca Cunningham, U-M vice president for research and
official for the University’s IACUC, filed the first cited report with OLAW.
According to the report, one lab member failed to perform a secondary
euthanasia on 11 mice, which were found to be alive before being properly
euthanized. The attending veterinarian removed the lab member’s access to
the vivarium, where the animals are housed, and the IACUC issued a six-month
suspension and mandatory retraining to the principal investigator’s animal
use protocol and personnel. In a response to Cunningham’s report, Brent
Morse, director of the OLAW Division of Compliance Oversight, said OLAW
found no cause for further action and felt the IACUC’s decisions were
adequate.
In an interview with The Michigan Daily, SAEN Director Michael Budkie said
he found Morse’s response to the violation disappointing.
“In all of the time that we have been obtaining these documents and we have
been doing so for essentially a decade now … we have never seen the Office
of Laboratory Animal Welfare issue any kind of a meaningful penalty against
a research facility,” Budkie said. “Their correspondence typically amounts
to nothing more than a rubber stamp of whatever the research facility in
question is to say.”
On July 13, Cunningham filed the second cited incident of misconduct with
OLAW, which stated that a lab member left two anesthetized mice unattended
for over 15 minutes. The lab member also delayed the euthanasia of a mouse
for over an hour, exceeding the time to euthanasia set by the veterinarian.
Following the incident, the principal investigator removed the lab member’s
animal use privileges and required them to retake online training. The
University’s IACUC then suspended the lab member’s privileges for a minimum
of 60 days followed by a 90-day period of supervision under the area
veterinarian.
In both reports, Cunningham said the IACUC determined the incidents were
isolated to those specific laboratories and not related to program-wide
issues.
In response to the violations, SAEN’s letter asks the University to fire the
responsible lab technicians and any staff connected to the incidents. The
organization also calls for a full audit to be conducted by an independent
organization on the University’s Animal Care and Use Program to “discover
the source of all violations and failures.”
Budkie said his own experiences with animal research at the University of
Cincinnati support SAEN’s demands for the firing of the lab members.
“We do believe that the staff involved in those incidents should be
terminated because the violations are so basic that they demonstrate that
the people at the University of Michigan that work in the laboratories are
not adequately trained,” Budkie said. “They do not understand the most basic
of standards such as properly performing euthanasia or even following the
directives from veterinary staff.”
In the future, Budkie said he hopes the University will reassess animal use
procedures and eventually move away from animal use in laboratories as a
whole.
“We are hopeful that (when) the University of Michigan administration will
look at their own practices and procedures, they will hopefully eliminate
the staff which is consistently violating federal regulations,” Budkie said.
“We are also hopeful that they will move much further in the direction of
non-animal research. SAEN is opposed to all use of animals and
experimentation, because it is both unscientific and fraudulent.”
Social Work student Josie Brown, president of the Michigan Animal Respect
Society, said she also wants the University to place less emphasis on animal
experimentation because animal bodies are not accurate representations of
human anatomy.
“I think the general move away from using animals for research would be
great,” Brown said. “There’s a lot of computational measures as technology
is getting better and better that we can use, (such as) in vitro studies on
human cells and tissues. As technology is developing, we can develop beyond
having to use animals.”
Brown also found fault with the IACUC’s outlined goals of promoting animal
welfare through proper practices and procedures.
“I think a big problem with a lot of these standards is, ‘How are we
measuring them?’ and ‘Who is deciding the way we measure them?’ ” Brown
said. “There’s an interesting word that is thrown around a lot when talking
about animals, which is the idea of humaneness. But if you look at the
definition of humane, it means to be benevolent. And I don’t know if we’re
being very benevolent when we’re … not properly murdering (mice) for our
research.”
In an email to The Daily, University spokesperson Kim Broekhuizen cited the
University’s statement on animal use and said the University followed its
outlined procedures for responding to animal use violations.
“In addition to self-reporting these incidents to our accrediting body, the
Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care
International, and the National Institute of Health’s OLAW, several
corrective actions were taken internally to reinforce the requirement that
individuals perform only those activities outlined in their approved animal
use protocol and for which they have received appropriate training,”
Broekhuizen wrote. “AAALAC and OLAW both reviewed these matters and found
that the University took all necessary steps to correct and self-report
these isolated incidents.
Budkie said the University has not responded to his letter.
“They have not replied in any way,” Budkie said. “That is typical practice
of large institutions like the University of Michigan. They believe if they
ignore situations like this, they will just go away.”