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Facility Reports and Information
Air Force Research Labs, Brooks Air Force Base,
TX
2004 - Laser-induced macular holes demonstrate impaired
choroidal perfusion
Lund DJ, Stuck BE, Edsall P.
U.S. Army Medical Research Detachment, Walter Reed Army
Institute of Research, 7965 Dave Erwin Drive, Brooks City-Base,
TX 78235-5108, USA. [email protected]
The interaction mechanism leading to laser-induced retinal
alteration can be thermal or non-thermal, depending upon the
wavelength of the laser radiation and the duration of the
exposure. To investigate the effect of exposure duration on the
interaction mechanism, retinal injury thresholds in the rhesus
monkey were experimentally measured for exposure to laser
radiation at wavelengths of 441.6, 457.9, 476.5, and 496.5 nm.
Exposure durations were 0.1, 1, 5, 16, and 100 s; and 1/e
retinal irradiance diameters were 50, 125, and 327 microm.
Tissue response was observed via ophthalmoscope 1 h and 48 h
post exposure. Thermal and non-thermal damage thresholds were
obtained depending upon the exposure duration. These threshold
data are in agreement with data previously reported in the
literature for 100-s duration exposures, but differences were
noted for shorter exposures. The current study yielded an
estimated injury threshold for 1-s duration, 327-microm retinal
irradiance diameter exposures at 441.6 nm, which is an order of
magnitude higher than that previously reported. This study
provides evidence that laser-induced retinal damage is primarily
induced via thermal mechanisms for exposures shorter than 5 s in
duration. Arguments are presented that support an amendment of
the thermal hazard function, R(lambda).
PMID: 16607179 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
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Rats, mice, birds, amphibians and other animals have
been excluded from coverage by the Animal Welfare Act. Therefore research
facility reports do not include these animals. As a result of this
situation, a blank report, or one with few animals listed, does not mean
that a facility has not performed experiments on non-reportable animals. A
blank form does mean that the facility in question has not used covered
animals (primates, dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, pigs,
sheep, goats, etc.). Rats and mice alone are believed to comprise over 90%
of the animals used in experimentation. Therefore the majority of animals
used at research facilities are not even counted.
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